Complete information about Camponotus cruentatus
Camponotus cruentatus is one of Europe's most spectacular species, known for its distinctive reddish coloration and large size. This comprehensive guide will help you successfully breed this impressive Mediterranean species.
General information
Scientific name: Camponotus cruentatus (Latreille, 1802)
Common name: Red carpenter ant
Family: Formicidae
Subfamily: Formicinae
Distribution: Mediterranean basin (Spain, Portugal, southern France, Italy, North Africa)
Difficulty: Medium-High (recommended for experienced breeders)
Morphology and characteristics
Queen :
• Size: 16-18 mm
• Coloration: Head and thorax bright red, gaster shiny black
• Features: Very robust, with powerful jaws
Female workers:
• Size: 8-14 mm (moderate polymorphism)
• Coloration: Similar to the queen but less intense
• Majors: Up to 14 mm with a very developed head
Breeding parameters
Temperature:
• Optimal: 24-28°C
• Minimum: 18°C
• Maximum: 30°C
• Diapause: 8-12°C (mandatory, 2-3 months)
Humidity:
• Nesting area: 50-70%
• Foraging area: 30-50%
Foundation and development
Type of foundation: Claustrous
Nuptial flight: May-July (depending on the area)
First workers: 8-12 weeks
Development: Slow, especially the first year
Mature colony size: 2000-5000 workers
Queen's lifespan: 15-20 years
Feeding
Diet: Omnivorous with a preference for sugary liquids
Sugary liquids (main):
• Water with honey (1:10)
• Sugar syrup
• Ripe fruits
Proteins (2-3 times per week):
• Insects: mealworms, crickets, cockroaches
• Frozen or fresh insects
Recommended ant farm
Type: Plaster or Ytong ant farm with good hydration
Initial size: Module M for young colonies
Mature size: L-XL modules or expandable modular system
Foraging area: Large (minimum 30x30cm for mature colonies)
Anti-escape system: ESSENTIAL (they are excellent climbers)
Special considerations
• Dependent claustrophobic foundation: The queen CANNOT feed herself. She REQUIRES worker bees from the start or external feeding.
• Primarily nocturnal activity: Highest activity at dusk and night
• Very good climbers: A quality escape-proof system is mandatory
• Stress-sensitive: Avoid excessive handling during foundation
• Slow growth: Patience, especially the first year
• Mandatory diapause: Do not skip the winter rest period
Camponotus cruentatus is a spectacular but demanding species. Its beauty and size compensate for the challenge of raising it. With proper care and patience, you can enjoy one of the most impressive colonies in the Iberian Peninsula.